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[Data] Incinerator Waste Combustion and Cs Behavior Analysis Code

Publication of an overview of waste incineration and Cs behavior analysis, as well as an overview of the analysis code and analysis flow.

General waste contaminated with radioactive cesium (Cs) that spread due to the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant is being incinerated at municipal waste incineration facilities. In this context, we developed a Cs behavior analysis code to evaluate the concentration and distribution of Cs that volatilized during incineration, as well as the attachment of Cs to the main ash and fly ash generated by the incineration of general waste. This document introduces the analysis flow of the "waste combustion and Cs behavior analysis code in the incinerator," along with diagrams illustrating the agglomeration of CsCl particles and their attachment to the main ash and fly ash. [Contents (excerpt)] ■ Overview of waste combustion and Cs behavior analysis in the incinerator ■ Overview of the analysis code and analysis flow ■ Analysis of the gas phase during the waste combustion process in the incinerator ■ Combustion reactions considered in waste combustion analysis ■ Analysis of the solid phase during the waste combustion process in the incinerator, etc. *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.

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[R-FLOW Analysis Case] Sludge Combustion Analysis in a Fluidized Bed Incinerator

Analysis of sludge combustion in a fluidized bed incinerator using the thermal fluid and powder analysis software "R-FLOW".

A case study of sludge combustion analysis in a fluidized bed incinerator using sand as a fluidizing medium. Both sludge and sand are analyzed using a unique representative particle (coarse-grained) model developed by applying DEM (Discrete Element Method). The introduced sludge is fluidized together with sand. Air is blown in from the bottom of the furnace, and the sludge is fluidized while undergoing the combustion processes of drying, pyrolysis, and char combustion, gradually breaking down into smaller fragments. The gases targeted in the combustion analysis are eight components, including oxygen, and the analysis considers the generation and disappearance of heat and chemical species associated with combustion, treating it as compressible gas.

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[R-FLOW Analysis Case] Multiphase Flow Analysis in FCC Equipment

Thermal multi-phase flow analysis of gas, catalyst particles, and droplet behavior in FCC equipment with heat transfer using the thermal fluid and powder analysis software "R-FLOW."

A case study of multiphase flow analysis of gas, catalyst particles, and droplet behavior in a Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) unit in the petroleum refining process. The behavior of catalyst particles and droplets is analyzed using a uniquely developed representative particle (coarse-grained) model that applies the discrete element method (DEM), a technique for powder analysis. On the other hand, the gas flow with heat is analyzed using a lattice (mesh). Droplets evaporate by receiving heat from high-temperature catalyst particles through the gas, and simultaneously, a large amount of steam is generated within the FCC unit as a result of the evaporation.

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[R-FLOW Analysis Case] Free Surface Flow Analysis within the Final Drive

Free surface flow analysis inside the final drive (final gear) using the thermal fluid and powder analysis software "R-FLOW".

A case study analyzing the oil flow within the final drive (final gear), which is one of the power transmission devices, using the particle method (MPS method).

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[R-FLOW Analysis Case] Gas Absorption Reaction Analysis in Ventilated Stirred Tank

Gas absorption reaction analysis of a ventilation mixing tank using the thermal fluid and powder analysis software "R-FLOW".

A case study of multiphase flow analysis of fluid dynamics and gas absorption reactions in an aerated stirred tank used for cell culture and other applications. The analysis considers not only the flow rate but also gas hold-up, liquid-phase oxygen concentration, liquid-phase carbon dioxide concentration, bubble-phase oxygen concentration, and bubble-phase carbon dioxide concentration, taking into account mass transfer between the gas and liquid phases. Additionally, it incorporates the consumption of oxygen and the generation of carbon dioxide due to cellular respiration, as well as a bubble coalescence and breakup model, and analyzes the bubble size distribution.

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[R-FLOW Analysis Case] Multiphase Flow Analysis in a Trickle Bed Reactor

Analysis of multiphase flow in a trickle bed reactor using the thermal fluid and powder analysis software "R-FLOW".

Case study of multiphase flow analysis in a trickle bed reactor used in petroleum refining and petrochemical processes. The trickle bed reactor is filled with catalyst, and the flow of gas and liquid through the spaces between the catalysts is reproduced through a coupled analysis using lattice methods and particle methods (MPS method). The flow of liquid is analyzed using the particle method (MPS method), while the flow of gas is analyzed using a lattice (mesh).

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[R-FLOW Analysis Case] Mixed Flow Analysis of Chip Cleaning Process Using Jet Water Flow

Analysis of the multiphase flow during the cleaning process of cutting chips using jet water flow with the thermal fluid and powder analysis software "R-FLOW".

The process of cleaning metal shavings and chips remaining inside the metal mold by a jet water flow ejected from the nozzle is reproduced through a coupled analysis of the particle method (MPS method) and DEM (Discrete Element Method). The flow of water is analyzed using the particle method (MPS method), while the metal shavings and chips are analyzed using DEM (Discrete Element Method) with bonded particles.

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[R-FLOW Analysis Case] Particle Drying Analysis in a Spray Dryer

Drying analysis of particles (droplets) inside a spray dryer using the thermal fluid and powder analysis software "R-FLOW".

This is a case study of multiphase flow analysis that reproduces the process of droplets (fine particles) drying as they come into contact with high-temperature gas inside a spray dryer. The behavior, temperature, and evaporation rate of droplets injected from the top of the tank are analyzed using a discrete element method (DEM) model that incorporates a uniquely developed representative particle (coarsening) model. As drying progresses, the particles (droplets) gradually become smaller and either disappear within the tank or exit through the outlet at the bottom. Meanwhile, high-temperature gas flows in from the top of the tank and exits from the bottom. The concentration of water vapor in the gas is also analyzed. In the figure, the particles are displayed larger than their actual size.

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[R-FLOW Analysis Case] Combustion Analysis of Waste in a Stoker-Type Incinerator

Analysis of waste combustion in a stoker-type incinerator using the thermal fluid and powder analysis software "R-FLOW".

A case study of multiphase flow analysis that reproduces the combustion process of waste introduced into a stoker-type incinerator. The behavior of the waste is analyzed using a unique representative particle (coarse-grained) model developed by applying the DEM (Discrete Element Method), which is a powder analysis technique. The waste introduced from the waste inlet moves towards the ash discharge direction while resting on the grate inside the incinerator. Primary air is blown in from below the grate, and secondary air is blown in from above, allowing the waste to undergo the combustion processes of drying, pyrolysis, and char combustion as it moves over the grate, gradually breaking down into smaller fragments. The gases targeted in the combustion analysis are eight components, including oxygen, and the analysis considers the generation and disappearance of heat and chemical species associated with combustion, treating them as compressible gases. The waste is represented as bonded particles that adhere to each other due to adhesive forces, and by incorporating a bonding model where the adhesive forces between the bonded particles gradually decrease as combustion progresses, the process of the initially large mass of waste breaking apart is reproduced.

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